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  General
preventive measures
- Health
education, training programmes for the personnel at risk.
- Scrupulous
compliance with the "universal precautions" to be followed
at all times with all patients, regardless of their pathology and
certainty of diagnosis.
- Employment
of appropriate personal protective devices (gloves, mask, white
coats).
- Abolition
of the manoeuvre of needles' covering.
- Collection
of sharp materials, syringes and needles in appropriate containers
before disposal.
Specific preventive interventions
At present, no vaccine is available against HIV infection. Post-exposure
prophylaxis is recommended after high risk occupational exposure. It
involves administration of an association of antiretroviral drugs. Such
prophylaxis should start immediately, possibly within 1 to 4 hours after
exposure (never after 24 hours) and continue for at least 4 weeks.
For additional information
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